Alternative facts. Fake news. Derogatory labels like these are meant to call into question the validity of one’s empirical evidence or the interpretation one attaches to that evidence, or both. These labels entered the popular discourse with Trump and other populists, and are thus tools wielded to discredit political opponents. However, scientists have contemplated the logic and empirical methods of their disciplines at least as far back as the 17th century when Descartes proposed that “I think, therefore I am.” This course provides an overview of philosophical questions concerning how we can know what we know (or don’t know) as they apply to the field of political science, economics, and business.

This course is designed to provide practical advice on how to improve doctoral dissertations. Specifically, how to ensure that your work is science, rather than pseudoscience? How to avoid logical fallacies when making your argument? How to make sure that your explanation is a “good” explanation? What methodological approach is likely appropriate for your topic? How to ensure that your theory, hypotheses, and methodological approach meet (what) scientific standards?

Examination-immanent courses (PI) have compulsory attendance. In case of absence the lecturer is to be informed in advance via email, especially in cases of conflicting class schedules. More details on absenteeism rules will be explained in the first class.

Course language is English. Learning activities consist in preparatory readings, teacher's input, discussions and other activities in class, small individual assignments and quizzes, written group work or individual assignment.

Active participation in class and contributions to the discussion (20%)
Response Paper / Presentation (40%)
Final Assessment (40%).

Course enrollment is on the basis of "first come, first served" principle. If you have registered but cannot participate in the course, please de-register via LPIS so that your spot is available to students on the waiting list. If there is a waiting list for enrollment in the course, students on the waiting list will be notified after the end of the enrollment period and will be allocated to available spots.